information

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Phage therapy is influenced by:

Phage therapy is influenced by:

Country :
the epidemiological situation is different from country to country in terms of circulating bacteria and bacteriophages. Example: a lytic phages from Italy may be no active on the same bacteria (genus and species) isolated from another country and vice versa.
Chronolability
Mutation rate
Phenotypical delay
Phage cocktail
My point of view

From Wikipedia


If the target host* of a phage therapy treatment is not
an animal the term "
biocontrol" (as in phage-mediated biocontrol of bacteria) is usually employed, rather than "phage therapy".

"In silico"

From:"Genomics,Proteomics and Clinical Bacteriology", N.Woodford and Alan P.Johnson

Phrase that emphasizes the fact that many molecular biologists spend increasing amounts of their time in front of a computer screen, generating hypotheses that can subsequently be tested and (hopefully) confirmed in the laboratory.

Friday, 27 June 2014

The Herxheimer Reaction


From the Net


The Herxheimer reaction (also known as Jarisch-Herxheimer or Herx) occurs when large quantities of toxins are released into the body as bacteria (typically Spirochetal bacteria) die, due to antibiotic treatment or rapid detoxification.

Typically the death of these bacteria and the associated release of endotoxins occurs faster than the body can remove the toxins via the natural detoxification process performed by the kidneys and liver. It is manifested by fever, chills, headache, myalgia (muscle pain), and exacerbation of skin lesions. Duration in syphilis is normally only a few hours but can be much longer, up to months or years, for other diseases. The intensity of the reaction reflects the intensity of inflammation present.

The Herxheimer reaction has shown an increase in inflammatory cytokines during the period of exacerbation, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8.


                                                 History
 Both Adolf Jarisch, an Austrian dermatologist, and Karl Herxheimer, a German dermatologist, are credited with the discovery of the Herxheimer reaction. Both Jarish and Herxheimer observed reactions in patients with syphilis treated with mercury. The reaction was first seen following treatment in early and later stages of syphilis treated with Salvarsan, mercury, or antibiotics. It is seen in 50% of patients with primary syphilis and about 90% of patients with secondary syphilis.

The reaction is also seen in other diseases, such as borreliosis (Lyme disease and tick-borne relapsing fever), bartonellosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever, and trichinellosis and Q fever.